운동과 신진대사 유전자와의 관계

"Although short bouts of exercise have been shown to influence the gene activity in our muscles, it is the dedication to habitual exercise over a lifetime that is associated with long-term health benefits," 

Long-term endurance training (running or cycling) significantly changed the activity of more than 1,000 genes in both women and men compared with controls. Many of the altered genes were related to an increased activity in numerous metabolic pathways related to the prevention of metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes. Surprisingly, only 26 genes were found to be changed with long-term weightlifting, suggesting that strength training does not result in accumulated changes in gene activity. However, the authors note that this does not mean gene activity is unaffected with weightlifting, it could be that changes in muscle gene activity with weightlifting are related to proteins instead of RNA.

The researchers also cross-referenced their data with studies examining muscle gene expression before and after a months-long training period in individuals with type 2 diabetes. The results show that following short exercise programs, individuals with impaired metabolism shifted their gene activity to become more similar to the long-term endurance-trained groups compared with before they started training.

"This suggests that even short training programs of 6–12 months are enough to positively influence the health of people suffering from metabolic disorders,"\

 

 

reference

Mark A. Chapman et al. Skeletal Muscle Transcriptomic Comparison between Long-Term Trained and Untrained Men and Women, Cell Reports (2020). DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107808